Dale's Cone of Experience

Dale has created Cone of Experiences in which he has arranged teaching aids according to the experience and how much these aid are close to the reality. He says that the more senses we use, the more close the aids are near to real life. He has divided them into three groups.

 The first one is learning by doing which means all materials that help students to acquire knowledge through doing or practice. This group is the best way of learning because we use more senses in it. However, it is dangerous , expensive and time consuming.

The second group is learning by observation which means all teaching aids that help students acquire knowledge through watching and listening together, watching only or listening only.

The third group is learning by obstruction in which the students see verbal symbols that have certain meanings such as seeing the letter H on the street which means that there is a hospital in that area.